β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1): sc-13565

β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1) is an IgG_2b κ mouse monoclonal beta-2-Microglobulin antibody (also designated B2M antibody or Beta-2-microglobulin antibody) that detects the beta-2-Microglobulin protein of m, r, h, primate origin by WB, IP, IF and IHC(P). β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1) is available as both the non-conjugated anti-beta-2-Microglobulin antibody form, as well as multiple conjugated forms of anti-beta-2-Microglobulin antibody, including agarose, HRP, PE, FITC and multiple Alexa Fluor^® conjugates. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 1 molecules bind to antigens for presentation on the surface of cells. The proteasome is responsible for producing these antigens from the components of foreign pathogens. MHC class 1 molecules consist of an a heavy chain that contains three subdomains (α1, α2, α3), and a non-covalent associating light chain, known as β-2-Microglobulin. β-2-Microglobulin associates with the a3 subdomain of the a heavy chain and forms an immunoglobulin domain-like structure that mediates proper folding and expression of MHC class 1 molecules. The α1 and α2 domains of the a heavy chain form the peptide antigen-binding cleft. Mice that lack β-2-Microglobulin protein show a normal distribution of T cells, yet have no mature CD4-8+ T cells and are defective in CD4-8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Interferon-γ can stimulate production of β-2-Microglobulin transcripts. The human β-2-Microglobulin gene maps to chromosome 15q21-q22.2 and encodes a 119 amino acid protein. Mutations in the β-2-Microglobulin gene can enhance the progression of malignant melanoma phenotypes.

Alexa Fluor^® is a trademark of Molecular Probes Inc., OR., USA

LI-COR^® and Odyssey^® are registered trademarks of LI-COR Biosciences

References:

1. A proteolytically truncated form of free CD18, the common chain of leukocyte integrins, as a novel marker of activated myeloid cells.  |  Drbal, K., et al. 2001. Blood. 98: 1561-6. PMID: 11520808
2. T cell precursor migration towards beta 2-microglobulin is involved in thymus colonization of chicken embryos.  |  Dunon, D., et al. 1990. EMBO J. 9: 3315-22. PMID: 1698612
3. Beta 2-microglobulin deficient mice lack CD4-8+ cytolytic T cells.  |  Zijlstra, M., et al. 1990. Nature. 344: 742-6. PMID: 2139497
4. Conformational changes induced in the MHC class I molecule by peptide and beta 2-microglobulin.  |  Solheim, JC., et al. 1995. Immunol Res. 14: 200-17. PMID: 8778210
5. Mechanisms of MHC class I--restricted antigen processing.  |  Pamer, E. and Cresswell, P. 1998. Annu Rev Immunol. 16: 323-58. PMID: 9597133
6. beta2-Microglobulin mutations, HLA class I antigen loss, and tumor progression in melanoma.  |  Hicklin, DJ., et al. 1998. J Clin Invest. 101: 2720-9. PMID: 9637706
7. IFN-gamma induces coordinate expression of MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation machinery molecules in adult mouse Schwann cells.  |  Tsuyuki, Y., et al. 1998. Neuroreport. 9: 2071-5. PMID: 9674595
8. Isolation and characterization of chicken and turkey beta 2-microglobulin.  |  Skjødt, K., et al. 1986. Mol Immunol. 23: 1301-9. PMID: 3547090

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1) has 29 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1) Specifications

Alternate Product Name

β-2-Microglobulin

Product Clone Name

BBM.1

Classification

Primary Antibody

Clonality

Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype

IgG_2b kappa light chain

Amino Acids

Epitope Target

β-2-Microglobulin

Epitope Species

human

Product Reactivity/Detection

β-2-Microglobulin

Species Reactivity/Detection

mouse, rat, human, primate

Additional Mammalian Reactivity

N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity

N/A

Applications

WB, IP, IF, IHC(P)

Vialing Information

Each vial contains 200 µg IgG_2b kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations

29 citations in various scientific publications

Recommended Secondary Detection Reagents


Mouse IgG_2b Binding Proteins

• m-IgG_2b BP-HRP: sc-542741 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to horseradish peroxidase)
• m-IgG_2b BP-B: sc-542744 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to biotin)
• m-IgG_2b BP-FITC: sc-542743 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate)
• m-IgG_2b BP-CFL 488: sc-542745 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to CruzFluor™ 488)
• m-IgG_2b BP-CFL 555: sc-542746 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to CruzFluor™ 555)
• m-IgG_2b BP-CFL 594: sc-542747 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to CruzFluor™ 594)
• m-IgG_2b BP-CFL 647: sc-542748 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to CruzFluor™ 647)
• m-IgG_2b BP-CFL 680: sc-542749 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to CruzFluor™ 680)
• m-IgG_2b BP-CFL 790: sc-542750 (Mouse IgG_2b binding protein conjugated to CruzFluor™ 790)
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Available Conjugates/Forms




AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin




Primary antibodies for non-mammalian targets are useful in detecting proteins of plant, viral, bacterial, avian, fish, yeast and invertebrates. Some examples include Drosophila, zebrafish, Xenopus, Arabidopsis, C. elegans, Clostridium, Campylobacter, Heliobacter pylori, Hepatitis, HIV, HPV, HSV, Influenza, Klebsiella, M. tuberculosis, Plasmodium, Pseudomonas, RSV, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Salmonella, Schistosoma, Shigella and Staphylococcus.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology monoclonal antibodies can be used in assays including flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, Western blot analysis, and immunostaining. Anti-β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (BBM.1) is recommended for use in the following applications: WB (Western blotting), IP (Immunoprecipitation), IF (Immunofluorescence), IHC(P) (Immunohistochemistry - Paraffin Embedded).

Mouse secondary antibodies, control sera and control immunoglobulins are also offered to be used in combination with our primary monoclonal antibodies.

Tissue extracts, nuclear extracts and whole cell lysates are used with Santa Cruz Biotechnology monoclonal antibodies for western blotting or immunoprecipitation positive controls. Nuclear extracts are ideal for western blot analysis or gel shift assays positive controls. Phospho-enriched whole cell lysates and tissue extracts are available for phospho-specific antibody positive controls.

Monoclonal secondary antibodies are offered in various conjugated forms, including: Biotin (B), CruzFluor™ 790, 680, 647, 594, 555, and 488, FITC, HRP, PerCP, PerCP-Cy5.5, Texas Red (TR), and TRITC (tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate) (R), for research applications like Flow Cytometry (FCM), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and Western Blotting (WB). Not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

Affinity purified immunoglobulins (IgGs)—conjugated and unconjugated—are available as negative controls for flow cytometry (FCM), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP) and Western Blotting (WB) applications.

Normal sera for immunohistochemistry (IHC) applications are available as neat serum for blocking reagents. The serum which is used should match the species of the secondary antibody.

The preferred β-2-Microglobulin antibody is β-2-Microglobulin Antibody (S19.8): sc-32241.